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HCS1050 Musculoskeletal System

Introductory · 1 credit · HRH - Health, Recreation, and Human Services

Description
Students explore the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system, gain an understanding of conditions of the musculoskeletal system and achieve an appreciation for the benefits of practising a healthy lifestyle as it pertains to the individual, family, peers and community.
Prerequisite
HSS1010: Health Services Foundations

Outcomes The student will:

  • 1 explain the basic anatomy and physiology of the skeletal system

    • 1.1 define common terms related to the skeletal system using a list of prefixes, roots and suffixes

    • 1.2 name and locate bones in the skeletal system, including the main bones:

      • 1.2.1 in the cranium, including the infant skull and face

      • 1.2.2 in the vertebral column

      • 1.2.3 in the thorax

      • 1.2.4 of the shoulder girdle

      • 1.2.5 of the arms and hands

      • 1.2.6 of the legs, ankles and feet

      • 1.2.7 of the pelvis

    • 1.3 differentiate between the appendicular and axial skeletons

    • 1.4 state the number of bones in the body in the axial and appendicular skeletons

    • 1.5 differentiate between the male and female pelvis

    • 1.6 describe, using examples, the functions of the skeletal system to:

      • 1.6.1 serve as a frame for the body

      • 1.6.2 protect organs

      • 1.6.3 serve as a lever for movement

      • 1.6.4 form blood cells

      • 1.6.5 store minerals

    • 1.7 categorize bones according to shape; e.g., short, long, irregular, flat

    • 1.8 identify the appearance and function of bone markings; e.g., projections, depressions

    • 1.9 describe the structure and significance of long bones

    • 1.10 differentiate between compact and spongy bone tissue

    • 1.11 differentiate between red and yellow bone marrow

    • 1.12 describe the process of bone growth and repair (remodelling), including:

      • 1.12.1 identifying bone cells and their function

      • 1.12.2 describing the process of bone growth in long bones

  • 2 explain the basic anatomy and functions of the muscular system

    • 2.1 describe how muscles are named by:

      • 2.1.1 location to a nearby bone

      • 2.1.2 location related to body position, insertion and/or origin

      • 2.1.3 size

      • 2.1.4 shape

      • 2.1.5 direction of fibres

      • 2.1.6 number of heads

      • 2.1.7 action

    • 2.2 differentiate between smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, considering:

      • 2.2.1 location

      • 2.2.2 characteristics of cells

      • 2.2.3 control

      • 2.2.4 action

    • 2.3 describe the functions of the muscular system, including:

      • 2.3.1 movement of the skeleton

      • 2.3.2 maintenance of posture

      • 2.3.3 generation of heat

    • 2.4 define the terms origin and insertion

    • 2.5 describe the location and function of additional soft tissues and organs related to the major skeletal muscles of the body, including:

      • 2.5.1 tendons

      • 2.5.2 fascia

      • 2.5.3 cartilage

      • 2.5.4 ligaments

      • 2.5.5 skin

  • 3 explain the basic anatomy and function of muscles and joint structures

    • 3.1 categorize joints in the body into the three categories of immoveable, partially moveable and freely moveable

    • 3.2 describe the anatomical structure of joints and surrounding structures that affect the function of a joint

    • 3.3 describe the anatomy of synovial joints, comparing those with cartilage pads and those without cartilage pads

    • 3.4 categorize synovial joints into gliding, hinge, pivot condyloid, saddle, and ball and socket joints

    • 3.5 differentiate between stable and unstable joints in the body

    • 3.6 summarize proprioception

    • 3.7 identify three factors that affect the amount and direction of movement in a joint

    • 3.8 explain basic movement patterns, incorporating the concept of antagonist, agonist and synergistic muscle actions involving the major joints

    • 3.9 summarize active, resisted and passive range of motion

  • 4 evaluate factors that contribute to the promotion and maintenance of a healthy musculoskeletal system

    • 4.1 summarize the role of the musculoskeletal system in achieving and maintaining wellness

    • 4.2 summarize the basic effects of aging on the function of the musculoskeletal system

    • 4.3 predict the effect of lifestyle choices on the wellness of the musculoskeletal system, including choices related to cultural beliefs and practices

    • 4.4 recommend preventative lifestyle choices required for musculoskeletal system wellness, including describing the relationship of:

      • 4.4.1 active living to musculoskeletal health

      • 4.4.2 proper nutrition to musculoskeletal health

      • 4.4.3 proper lifting techniques and ergonomics to musculoskeletal health

  • 5 explain the basic pathology and treatment of conditions of the musculoskeletal system

    • 5.1 summarize the signs and symptoms of common conditions of the musculoskeletal system, including conditions caused by:

      • 5.1.1 metabolic and genetic disorders

      • 5.1.2 infections

      • 5.1.3 structural disorders, including spinal, back and joint disorders

      • 5.1.4 fractures and injuries

      • 5.1.5 spasms, including spasms of smooth and skeletal muscle

      • 5.1.6 overuse or underuse, including strains and sprains

    • 5.2 describe diagnostic procedures available for these conditions

    • 5.3 summarize medical and integrative health treatments available for these conditions

    • 5.4 describe the impact of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system on other body systems

    • 5.5 summarize the probable social, emotional and economic impact of these conditions on the individual, family, peers and community

    • 5.6 summarize community resources available for people living with musculoskeletal system pathologies

  • 6 demonstrate basic competencies

    • 6.1 demonstrate fundamental skills to:

      • 6.1.1 communicate

      • 6.1.2 manage information

      • 6.1.3 use numbers

      • 6.1.4 think and solve problems

    • 6.2 demonstrate personal management skills to:

      • 6.2.1 demonstrate positive attitudes and behaviours

      • 6.2.2 be responsible

      • 6.2.3 be adaptable

      • 6.2.4 learn continuously

      • 6.2.5 work safely

    • 6.3 demonstrate teamwork skills to:

      • 6.3.1 work with others

      • 6.3.2 participate in projects and tasks

  • 7 make personal connections to the cluster content and processes to inform possible pathway choices

    • 7.1 complete/update a personal inventory; e.g., interests, values, beliefs, resources, prior learning and experiences

    • 7.2 create a connection between a personal inventory and occupational choices

Program of Studies 2010. Source document, © Alberta Education.